In addition to your physical SIM card, you can add eSims to your smartphone by scanning a QR code. eSims connect to a mobile network, just like regular SIM cards.
You can buy an eSIM online and start using it immediately.
[Airalo](http://airalo.com/) makes it easy to purchase data eSIMs for any country. The steps are:
1. Install the app, tap a few buttons.
2. Pay with Google/Apple Pay.
3. Scan the QR code.
5G connections speeds are often available.
The prices are usually reasonable: similar or cheaper than other short-term data SIM options, especially in the USA.
N.B. In some countries, local providers offer better prepaid eSim deals that are easy to buy and activate online. For example: in Iceland you can get 100 GB from nova.is for $36, while Airalo only gives you 20GB for the same price.
I've used Airalo in the USA, Iceland, Portugal and Germany. It's great!